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1.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 28(11): 3333-3345, nov. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1520649

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the association between adolescents' physical activity and the Brazilian capitals' built and social environment. The units of analysis of this ecological study were the 26 capitals and the Federal District, with data from the National Adolescent Health Survey (2012). The outcome variable was the reported regular physical activity (PA) of ninth graders in Brazilian schools. Exposure variables included characteristics of the natural environment, socioeconomic and educational indicators, urban infrastructure, urban violence, and sociocultural factors retrieved from several secondary sources of Brazilian databases. We adopted multiple linear regression to verify the association between PA and exposure variables. The percentage of active adolescents was 33.0% (95%CI: 32.1; 33.9). In the final model, higher PA was associated with lower temperature, higher Primary Education Development Index, the higher percentage of ramps for wheelchair users, and a higher percentage of leisure-time active adults. The data show that climatic and educational factors, the infrastructure, and the social environment of the capitals can contribute to Brazilian adolescents complying with the recommended weekly PA levels.


Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a associação entre atividade física em adolescentes e ambientes construído e social das capitais brasileiras. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico cujas unidades de análise foram as 26 capitais e o Distrito Federal, com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Adolescentes (2012). A variável de desfecho foi a prática regular de atividade física (AF) relatada pelos escolares do 9º ano de escolas brasileiras. As variáveis de exposição incluíram características do ambiente natural, indicadores socioeconômicos e educacionais, de infraestrutura, violência urbana e fatores socioculturais, obtidas de diferentes bases de dados de fontes secundárias brasileiras. Adotou-se a regressão linear múltipla para verificar a associação entre AF e variáveis de exposição. O percentual de adolescentes ativos foi de 33,0% (IC95%: 32,1; 33,9). No modelo final, foram associados à maior prática de AF: menor temperatura, maior Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica, maior percentual de rampa para cadeirante e maior percentual de adultos ativos no lazer. Os dados mostram que fatores climáticos e educacionais, a infraestrutura e o ambiente social das capitais podem contribuir para que os adolescentes brasileiros cumpram os níveis semanais recomendados de AF.

2.
Av. psicol. latinoam ; 41(3): [1-16], 20230905.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1512780

ABSTRACT

El propósito de la investigación fue desarrollar una escala para medir el proceso de ajuste a la vida universitaria. Este constructo multifactorial se basa en un modelo teórico de tres dimensiones: académica, social e institucional. La muestra principal estuvo conformada por 673 estudiantes: 42.1 % mujeres, 57.7 % hombres y 0.3 % otro, con un promedio de 18.29 años. En el primer análisis se encontraron evidencias asociadas al contenido de las dimensiones de la escala denominada AjusteU. En el análisis de validez convergente se halló una correlación de 0.582 a un nivel de significancia del 0.01 (bilateral) con el instrumento CAVU, otra medida del ajuste a la vida universitaria. En el tercer análisis se validó el planteamiento teórico con los datos empíricos mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Finalmente, en el análisis predictivo se comprobó que la puntuación de la escala AjusteU se asoció significativamente con el rendimiento del primer período universitario. Se concluye que estas evidencias empíricas permiten un uso adecuado de los resultados, especialmente en la toma de decisiones oportunas para favorecer el proceso de transición de secundaria a la educación superior. La principal limitación fue la aplicación de la escala en modalidad remota en el contexto de pandemia, por lo que las experiencias del estudiantado podrían ser diferentes en un entorno presencial


The purpose of the research was to develop a scale to measure college adjustment. The theorical model was based on three dimensions: academical, social and institutional. The principal sample was conformed for 673 students: 42.1 % women, 57.7 % men and 0.3 % other, with an average of 18.29 years old. In the first analysis were found evidence associated to the content of the dimensions of the scale denominated AjusteU. In the validity convergent analysis was found a correlation of 0.582 to a significance level of 0.01 (bilateral) with the instrument CAVU, other measure that is related to the adjustment process. In the third analysis, the theoretical approach was validated with empirical data using a structural equation model. Finally, in the predictive analysis was proved that the scoring of the scale AjusteU was associated significantly with the performance of the first period of college. The conclusion is that this empirical evidence allows an appropriate use of their results, specifically in the opportune decision making to favor the transition process from high school to higher education. The main limitation was the application of the scale in the remote modality in the pandemic context, therefore the experiences of the students might be different in an on-site experience.


O objetivo da pesquisa foi desenvolver uma escala para medir o processo de adaptação à vida universitária. Este construto multifatorial é baseado em um modelo teórico de três dimensões: acadêmica, social e institucional. A amostra principal foi composta por 673 estudantes, sendo: 42.1 % mulheres, 57.7 % homens e 0.3 % outros, com idade média de 18.29 anos. Na primeira análise, foram encontradas evidências associadas ao conteúdo das dimensões da escala denominada AjusteU. Na análise de validade convergente, uma correlação de 0.582 foi encontrada em um nível de significância de 0.01 (bilateral) com o instrumento CAVU, outra medida de adaptação à vida universitária. Na terceira análise, a abordagem teórica foi validada com dados empíricos usando um modelo de equações estruturais. Por fim, na análise preditiva verificouse que a pontuação da escala AjusteU esteve significativamente associada ao desempenho do primeiro período universitário. Concluise que estas evidências empíricas permitem uma utilização adequada dos resultados, sobretudo na tomada de decisões oportunas que favoreçam o processo de transição do ensino médio para o superior. A principal limitação do estudo foi a aplicação da escala de forma remota no contexto de pandemia, de modo que as experiências do corpo discente poderiam ser diferentes em um ambiente presencial.


Subject(s)
Humans
3.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 80(4): 223-234, Jul.-Aug. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1520283

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Childhood obesity is a multifactorial disease. Most of these factors start to develop before birth and worsen throughout life. Therefore, prevention efforts should begin in the first 1000 days of life. This study aimed to quantify published studies on risk factors according to the Six-Cs model of childhood obesity (cell, child, clan, culture, community, and country) and determine which of them have been related to anthropometric indicators of overweight or obesity in children under 2 years of age in Mexico. Methods: A systematic scoping review (PRISMA-ScR) was performed. PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost databases were reviewed. Results: We found that 88% of the studies were observational. The child and family spheres were the most studied, individually and as a whole. The least studied were community, culture, and country. The main risk factors related to obesity indicators were high birth weight, birth by cesarean section, and inadequate feeding practices, in addition to mothers with obesity and those who underestimate their child's weight, stressful parenting style, and food insecurity in the home, together with living in urban areas, family income, and beliefs about preference for ultra-processed products. Conclusion: In Mexico, the study of obesity in early childhood is emerging at the research level. However, further efforts are required to close the knowledge gap at the socioecological level to design evidence-based interventions and reduce early obesity.


Resumen Introducción: La obesidad infantil es una enfermedad multifactorial en la que varios factores comienzan a desarrollarse antes del nacimiento y se agravan a lo largo de la vida. Por ello, los esfuerzos de prevención para evitar su desarrollo deben comenzar durante los primeros 1000 días de vida. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron cuantificar los estudios publicados sobre factores de riesgo según el modelo de obesidad infantil de las 6-Cs (célula, niño, familia, cultura, comunidad y país) y determinar cuáles de ellos se han relacionado con indicadores de sobrepeso u obesidad en niños menores de 2 años en México. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de alcance (PRISMA-ScR). Se revisaron las bases de datos de PubMed, Scopus y EBSCOhost. Resultados: Se encontró que el 88% de los estudios fueron de tipo observacional. La esfera niño y familia fueron las más abordadas, tanto individual como en conjunto. Las menos estudiadas fueron comunidad, cultura y país. Los principales factores de riesgo relacionados con indicadores de obesidad fueron alto peso al nacer, nacer por vía cesárea y prácticas inadecuadas de alimentación; además, madres con obesidad y que subestiman el peso del hijo, estilo de crianza presionante e inseguridad alimentaria en el hogar, aunado el vivir en zonas urbanas, ingreso económico-familiar y creencias sobre la preferencia por productos ultraprocesados. Conclusiones: En México, el estudio de obesidad durante los primeros 1000 días es emergente a nivel de investigación, pero se requiere continuar con el esfuerzo para cerrar la brecha de conocimiento a nivel socio-ecológico, diseñar intervenciones basadas en la evidencia y disminuir la obesidad temprana.

4.
Rev. peru. med. exp. salud publica ; 40(1): 7-15, ene. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, INS-PERU | ID: biblio-1442112

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Analizar la asociación entre el contexto social (factores demográficos, socioeconómicos y soporte social) y la inseguridad alimentaria y nutricional moderada-grave de familias con niños de 0 a 59 meses matriculados en jardines infantiles municipales del estado de Paraíba, Brasil. Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal desarrollado en municipios brasileños prioritarios para la prevención de la obesidad infantil. Se utilizó un cuestionario que recogió información sobre el contexto social de la familia (perfil demográfico del niño, situación socioeconómica y soporte social) y la escala brasileña de inseguridad alimentaria. La asociación entre las variables independientes y la inseguridad alimentaria y nutricional moderada-grave se determinó a través de una regresión de Poisson para estimar razones de prevalencia crudas y ajustadas, y sus respectivos intervalos de confianza al 95%. Resultados. De un total de 382 familias, el 27,2% presentaba inseguridad alimentaria y nutricional moderada-grave. Además, se encontró que aquellas familias con niños menores de 24 meses, de clases menos prósperas, beneficiadas del Programa Bolsa Família, sin apoyo social (material, emocional/informacional y de interacción) y disfuncionales tenían una mayor probabilidad de presentar el desenlace de estudio. Conclusiones. Los resultados del presente estudio indicaron que el 27,2% de las familias tenía inseguridad alimentaria y nutricional moderada-grave, siendo mayores en núcleos beneficiarios del Programa Bolsa Família, disfuncionales y sin apoyo social. En este sentido, la identificación de estos factores sería de utilidad para optimizar la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional familiar.


Objective. To analyze the association between the social context (demographic, socioeconomic and social support factors) and moderate-severe food and nutritional insecurity in families with children aged 0-59 months enrolled in municipal kindergartens in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. Materials and methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study in Brazilian municipalities prioritized for the prevention of childhood obesity. A questionnaire was used to collect information on the social context of the family (demographic profile of the child, socioeconomic situation and social support) as well as the Brazilian food insecurity scale. The association between the independent variables and moderate-severe food and nutrition insecurity was determined by applying Poisson regression to estimate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios and their respective 95% confidence intervals. Results. We included 382 families; 27.2% had moderate-severe food and nutrition insecurity. In addition, dysfunctional families with children under 24 months, from less affluent classes, beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família Program and without social support (material, emotional/informational and interaction) were more likely to present the outcome. Conclusions. Our results show that 27.2% of the families had moderate-severe food and nutritional insecurity, were beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família Program, dysfunctional and did not have social support. Therefore, the identification of these factors would be useful to improve family food and nutritional security.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Social Environment
5.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 28(1): 171-180, jan. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1421140

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aim is, systematically examine the scientific evidences that associated environmental factors (environment, social environment, environmental planning and spatial population distribution) with the excessive gestational weight gain. A meta-analysis and systematic review carried out as per the Cochrane Handbook recommendations and following the steps recommended by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes. The inclusion studies were done with the following PECO criteria: P-pregnant women, E-environmental factors, O-weight gain. The search procedure was conducted on the databases EMBASE, Web of Science, Cinahl, LILACS and MEDLINE (PubMed). The relationship between the socioeconomic factors of the micro-region of residence and gestational weight gain was evidenced by the linkage between residing in high-poverty neighborhoods and inadequate gestational weight gain. This study revealed the higher prevalence of excessive gestational weight gain in pregnant women those lives in urban areas. Environmental factors of the pregnant women's residence area implicated in the excessive gestational weight gain. Our findings can therefore contribute to the development of public policies to prevent inadequate gestational weight gain.


Resumo O objetivo é examinar sistematicamente as evidências científicas que associam fatores ambientais (meio ambiente, meio ambiente social, planejamento ambiental e distribuição espacial da população) com o excessivo ganho de peso gestacional. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise realizada seguindo os passos recomendados pelo Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes. Os estudos de incluídos basearam-se nos seguintes critérios PECO: P-gestantes, E-fatores ambientais, O-ganho de peso gestacional. O procedimento de pesquisa foi conduzido nas bases de dados EMBASE, Web of Science, Cinahl, LILACS e MEDLINE (PubMed). A relação entre os fatores socioeconômicos da microrregião de residência e o ganho de peso gestacional foi evidenciada pela ligação entre a residência em bairros de alta pobreza e o ganho de peso gestacional inadequado. Este estudo revelou a maior prevalência de ganho de peso gestacional excessivo em gestantes que vivem em áreas urbanas. Fatores ambientais da área de residência das gestantes implicados no ganho de peso gestacional excessivo. As descobertas desse estudo podem, portanto, contribuir para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas para evitar o ganho de peso gestacional inadequado.

6.
Chinese Journal of School Health ; (12): 205-207, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-964412

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To understand the influencing factors underlying physical exercise behavior among children and adolescents aged 9-18 years in Ningxia, China, in 2019, and to provide suggestions for physical exercise among children and adolescents by adopting a social ecological model.@*Methods@#Based on data related to 12 018 children and adolescents in Ningxia aged 9-18 years old which were obtained from the National Survey on Students Constitution and Health in 2019, the survey questions scored based on the four levels of the social ecological model.@*Results@#The proportion of children and adolescents who engaged in physical exercise for less than 1 hour a day accounted for 55.97% of the total number of people in Ningxia. Regardless of whether they were able to engage in enough physical activity, individual factors played a dominant role in influencing the behavior of the children and adolescents, and an interaction was found between influencing factors at different levels( r=-0.01, 0.01, -0.08, 0.04, P <0.01). The results of the stepwise regression analysis showed that the personal factors e.g. sports makes me healthy, I don t have enough time, muscle strength exercise, I have no movement of any relationship partner, sports make me know partner, policy in the number of physical education, number of sports meeting in a school year, the average daily lesson hold number all affect children s sports activities in time( B =-0.05-0.16, P <0.01).@*Conclusions@#The lack of physical exercise among children and adolescents in Ningxia is the result of multiple factors. Comprehensive and diversified intervention should be administered from a socio ecological framework to promote the formation of physical exercise habits among children and adolescents.

7.
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1507022

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the relationship between malocclusion and bullying and its impact on the well-being and quality of life of students from low social development areas. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 243 schoolchildren between 10 and 17 years. Malocclusion was analyzed using Dental Aesthetic Index. Bullying and self-perception of the impact of one's oral condition on quality of life and interpersonal relationships were assessed by questions from National Survey of Schoolchildren's Health and Child Perceptions Questionnaire 11-14 (CPQ11-14). Data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation coefficient and Mann-Whitney tests, considering groups: 10-11, 12-14 and 15-17 years. Results: No correlation was observed between malocclusion and bullying. However, in the 12-14 group, poor correlations were found between malocclusion and the CPQ11-14 (0.226) and between malocclusion and being shy/embarrassed due to oral aspects (0.298). Positive correlations were observed between bullying and the impact on the quality of life in the 10-11 (0.420) and 12-14 (0.425) groups. In the older group, a positive correlation (0.724) was observed between the concern about what others think of their oral health and the impact on their quality of life. Conclusion: There was no evidence of a relationship between malocclusion and bullying. However, the oral conditions negatively affected the interpersonal relationships and the student's quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Quality of Life/psychology , Social Perception , Students/psychology , Bullying/psychology , Malocclusion/diagnosis , Social Environment , Statistics, Nonparametric
8.
Cad. Bras. Ter. Ocup ; 31: e3365, 2023. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1420988

ABSTRACT

Resumen Se describe la experiencia de un proyecto de huerta terapéutica ubicada en las inmediaciones del Servicio de psiquiatría del Hospital Guillermo Grant Benavente (HGGB) de Concepción, Chile, liderada por la Organización No Gubernamental Rebrota (ONG Rebrota) en base a la perspectiva eco-social aplicada en personas con necesidades de salud mental. Se objetiva analizar la experiencia de Terapia Ocupacional Ecosocial como herramienta práctica para la transformación de los territorios, permitiendo a los terapeutas ocupacionales comprender la interacción entre la sociedad y la naturaleza como un proceso socioecológico que impacta en diferentes esferas de los seres humanos, especialmente en la participación social y la salud mental. Utilizando la metodología descriptiva del Modelo Procesal de Emprendimiento Eco-social realizamos una orientación práctica de acciones para que las comunidades, insertas en sus entornos naturales y culturales, logren descubrirse reflexivamente generando procesos de salud colectiva. La Terapia Ocupacional Ecosocial desarrolla praxis que mejoran la salud y promueven el bienestar de las personas, grupos y/o comunidades, generando un impacto positivo en los socio-ecosistemas y construyen comunidades más saludables, inclusivas, sostenibles. La Terapia Ocupacional Ecosocial es una invitación a generar proyectos de investigación-acción para mitigar el impacto social sobre la naturaleza en un contexto de crisis climática, donde encontramos comunidades en la génesis de saberes transculturales que nos permitan desarrollar una praxis transformadora para el buen vivir en sintonía con nuestro entorno; mientras mejoran su bienestar y participación, desde una perspectiva de derechos humanos y justicia ocupacional.


Abstract It is described the experience of a therapeutic garden project located in the vicinity of the Psychiatry Service of the Guillermo Grant Benavente Hospital (HGGB) in Concepción, Chile, led by the Non-Governmental Organization Rebrota (ONG Rebrota) based on the ecosocial perspective applied in people with mental health needs. It aims to analyze this Eco-social Occupational Therapy experience as a practical tool for the transformation of territories, allowing occupational therapists to understand the interaction between society and nature as a socio-ecological process that impacts different spheres of human beings, especially in social participation and mental health. Using the descriptive methodology of the Eco-social Entrepreneurship Process Model, we carry out a practical orientation of actions so that communities, inserted in their natural and cultural environments, can discover themselves reflexively, generating collective health processes. Eco-social Occupational Therapy develops practices that improve health and promotes the well-being of individuals, groups and/or communities, generating a positive impact on socio-ecosystems and building healthier, more inclusive, and sustainable communities. Eco-social Occupational Therapy is an invitation to generate research-action projects to mitigate the social impact on nature in a context of the climate crisis, where we find communities in the genesis of transcultural knowledge that allows us to develop a transformative praxis for good living in tune with our environment; while improving their well-being and participation, from a human rights and occupational justice perspectives.

9.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 27(2): 771-782, Fev. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1356090

ABSTRACT

Abstract A cross-sectional study enrolled participants from the CUME project (n = 289) who lived in Viçosa, Brazil. The neighborhood unit adopted was the buffer (200 meters), considering the participant's residence as central point. We measure the number of public and private facilities inside the buffer as well as violent criminal occurrences. Food establishments were categorized into establishments with predominant sale of natural or minimally processed foods, mixed establishments, and establishments with predominant sale of ultra-processed foods. Those who attended the face-to-face interview filled two scales of perception of the environment. Overall, 33.6% of participants reported overweight. We observed a higher concentration of individuals close to the central region of the city. Access to different establishments, food environments, and criminal occurrences differed between normal-weight and overweight individuals. The groups deferred in the perception of the location of squares, open public spaces, clubs, and soccer fields. The results indicate the association between environmental characteristics and overweight in Brazilian adults.


Resumo Realizou-se um estudo transversal com participantes do projeto CUME (n = 289) que moravam em Viçosa, Brasil. A unidade de vizinhança adotada foi o buffer (200 metros), considerando a residência do participante como ponto central. Foi contabilizado o número de instalações públicas e privadas dentro do buffer, bem como as ocorrências criminais. Os estabelecimentos alimentares foram categorizados em estabelecimentos com venda predominante de alimentos naturais ou minimamente processados, estabelecimentos mistos e estabelecimentos com venda predominante de alimentos ultraprocessados. Os participantes que compareceram à entrevista presencial, preencheram duas escalas de percepção do ambiente. No total, 33,6% dos participantes apresentaram excesso de peso. Foi observada uma maior concentração de indivíduos próximos à região central da cidade. O acesso a diferentes estabelecimentos, ambientes alimentares e ocorrências criminais diferiram entre indivíduos com eutrofia e com excesso de peso. Os grupos diferiram na percepção da localização de praças, espaços públicos abertos, clubes e campos de futebol. Os resultados indicam a associação entre as características ambientais e o excesso de peso em adultos brasileiros.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Social Environment , Overweight/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Residence Characteristics , Cross-Sectional Studies
10.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 35: e210060, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1387498

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective Characterize the community food environment through the different types of food outlets in the city of Fortaleza and associate their distribution according to sociodemographic indicators. Methods This is an ecological study carried out in the city of Fortaleza in which data from the Health Surveillance Service were used with the location of all licensed food stores in the city in the years 2018 and 2019. Georeferenced maps were set up to illustrate the spatial distribution of the establishments. Correlation analyses were performed to verify the association between food outlets and socioeconomic data. Values of p≤0.005 were considered significant. Results We identified a greater concentration of food stores in the neighborhoods with better socioeconomic levels. Snack bars (n=2051; 27.7%) and restaurants (n=1945; 26.3%), were in greater quantity and exhibited a positive correlation with the Human Development Index and average income. Supermarkets and hypermarkets (n=288; 3.9%) and street markets (n=81; 1.1%) were in a smaller number and had the worst spatial distribution. Conclusion We observed socioeconomic inequalities in the distribution of different types of food outlets. The little diversity and the limited number of establishments in peripheral neighborhoods, besides the centralization of outlets that sell food that is harmful to health, constitute obstacles for the population to make healthy food choices.


RESUMO Objetivo Caracterizar o ambiente alimentar comunitário por meio dos diferentes tipos de estabelecimentos de venda de alimentos existentes na cidade de Fortaleza e relacionar sua distribuição de acordo com indicadores sociodemográficos. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo ecológico realizado na cidade de Fortaleza em que foram utilizados dados da Vigilância Sanitária com a localização de todos os comércios de alimentos licenciados para funcionamento no município nos anos de 2018 e 2019. Foram construídos mapas georreferenciados para ilustrar a distribuição espacial dos estabelecimentos. Análises de correlação foram realizadas para verificar associação entre os estabelecimentos de venda de alimentos e dados socioeconômicos. Consideraram-se significativos valores de p≤0,005. Resultados Foi possível identificar maior concentração de comércios de alimentos nos bairros com melhores níveis socioeconômicos. Lanchonetes (n=2051; 27,7%) e restaurantes (n=1945; 26,3%) apresentaram-se em maior quantidade e obtiveram correlação positiva com o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano e a renda média. Supermercados e hipermercados (n = 288; 3,9%) e feiras livres (n=81; 1,1%) existiam em menor proporção e apresentaram a pior distribuição espacial. Conclusão Desigualdades socioeconômicas foram observadas na distribuição dos diferentes tipos de pontos de venda de alimentos. A pouca diversidade e a limitada quantidade de estabelecimentos em bairros periféricos, além da centralização da oferta de comércios que vendem alimentos prejudiciais à saúde, constituem-se obstáculos para que a população faça escolhas alimentares saudáveis.


Subject(s)
Socioeconomic Factors , Food Supply , Restaurants/statistics & numerical data , Fast Foods , Supermarkets , Access to Healthy Foods
11.
Chinese Journal of School Health ; (12): 350-354, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-923103

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To investigate the effects and patterns of cumulative ecological risk on currrent and 6 month follow up healthy lifestyle among college students.@*Methods@#A total of 1 156 freshmen and sophomores students randomly selected from 3 universities in Hebei Province were administered with College Students Health Lifestyle Scale and the Cumulative Ecological Risk Scale in November 2020 and May 2021 respectively. SPSS 24.0 statistical software was used for hierarchical regression analysis.@*Results@#Cumulative ecological risk was both negatively associated with current healthy lifestyle ( β =-0.29, P <0.01), and healthy lifestyle 6 month after ( β =-0.11, P <0.01). The effects of cumulative ecological risks on current healthy lifestyle showed non linear pattern, with healthy lifestyle rapidly decline after accumulated more than 4 factors. The effects of umulative ecological risks on 6 month follow up healthy lifestyle showed a linear pattern. No moderating effect of gender was observed in the linear relationship between the cumulative ecological risk and 6 month follow up healthy lifestyle( β =-0.02, P >0.05), however, significant moderating effects of gender was found in the nonlinear relationship between cumulative ecological risk and current healthy lifestyle( β =0.12, P < 0.01).@*Conclusion@#Cumulative ecological risk is negatively associated with healthy lifestyle of college students cross sectionally and longitudinally, in a non linear and linear association pattern, respectively. Gender plays a moderating effect on the cross sectional asscociation between cumulative ecological risk and healthy lifestyle.

12.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 41(supl.2): 76-85, oct. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1355761

ABSTRACT

Resumen | Introducción. El HIV es un problema de salud pública relevante en el Pacífico colombiano debido a la gran problemática social de la región y la exposición de las mujeres a más factores de riesgo. Objetivo. Describir las diferencias por sexo y grupos de edad con respecto al código CIE-10 de HIV más frecuente en los cuatro departamentos de la Región Pacífica colombiana durante el periodo de 2014 a 2018. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio observacional descriptivo, retrospectivo y con unidades de análisis ecológicas (departamentos y municipios) obtenidas por agregación. La fuente de datos fue el SISPRO, una plataforma para el registro obligatorio de las prestaciones de servicios de salud en el país. Para cada grupo de edad y ente territorial, se estimaron las proporciones del código para mujeres y para hombres, y se calcularon las diferencias absolutas (la proporción femenina menos la proporción masculina). Resultados. A nivel regional, en 9 de 22 grupos se observó el predominio de mujeres, con la mayor diferencia en el grupo de 25 a 29 años. Cinco de los nueve grupos de edad con mayor reporte en mujeres correspondían a mayores de 50 años. La mayor diferencia se encontró en el grupo de 50 a 54 años en Chocó y, la menor, en el grupo de 90 a 94 años en Nariño. En el análisis se identificaron dos patrones: antes de los 50 años, con predominio de los hombres, y después de los 50 años, con predominio de las mujeres. Conclusiones. El análisis secundario de una base de datos de recolección rutinaria es útil. Dado que los datos evidenciaron una prevalencia de los adultos mayores, especialmente mujeres, es importante que se considere incluir esta población en las estrategias de promoción y prevención del programa de HIV.


Abstract | Introduction: HIV is a public health problem that is relevant in the Colombian Pacific due to major social problems in the region where women are exposed to more risk factors. Objective: To describe the differences by gender and age of the most frequent ICD-10 code related to HIV in four departments of the Colombian Pacific region during the period 2014 to 2018. Materials and methods: We conducted a descriptive, retrospective observational study with ecological units of analysis (departments and municipalities) obtained by aggregation. The data source was SISPRO, a platform for the mandatory registration of health services in the country. For each age group and territorial entity, we estimated the proportions of each code for women and men, as well as the absolute differences (the female proportion minus the male proportion). Results: At the regional level, there was a predominance of women in 9 of 22 groups evaluated. The largest absolute difference was in the 25-29 age group. Five of the nine age groups with a predominance of women represented ages over 50 years. The greatest difference was found in the 50-54 age group in Chocó, and the smallest difference was found in the 90-94 age group in Nariño. The analysis identified the following two patterns: before the age of 50 with a predominance of men and over the age of 50 with a predominance of women. Conclusions: The secondary analysis of databases for routine information collection is useful. Given that the data showed a prevalence of older adults, especially women, it is important to consider including this population in the promotion and prevention strategies of the HIV program.


Subject(s)
HIV , Social Environment , Women , Aged , Epidemiology , Prevalence , Disease Prevention
13.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 27(4): 434-439, Aug. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1288592

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical exercise has a positive effect on the health of individuals. Long-term sedentary behavior can induce coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and other chronic diseases. Lack of physical exercise has become the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. Therefore, youth sports are very important for physical health. Objective: To systematically reveal the influencing factors of adolescents' physical exercise and improve the effectiveness of interventions on adolescents' physical exercise behaviors, this article is based on social ecology theory to study the structural model of adolescents' physical exercise factors. Methods: The thesis considers factors affecting adolescent physical exercise as the research object and uses literature method, questionnaire survey, mathematical statistics, etc., to construct a structural model of factors affecting youth physical exercise, including four primary indicators and 19 secondary indicators. Results: Adolescent physical exercise is affected by the school, family, social and personal factors. Among them, family factors have the greatest impact on young people's physical exercise. Personal factors rank second, school factors, and social factors rank third. Among the family factors, the major influences on youth physical exercise are "parental support," "parents' cognition of physical exercise," and "parental exercise habits." Conclusions: The influencing factors of adolescent physical exercise involve four aspects: family, society, school, and self. Family factors have the greatest impact on adolescent physical exercise, and personal factors are the second, school factors, and social factors are the third. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.


RESUMO Introdução: o exercício físico tem um efeito positivo na saúde das pessoas. O comportamento sedentário de longo prazo pode induzir doenças coronárias, hipertensão, diabetes e outras doenças crônicas. A falta de exercício físico tornou-se a quarta causa de morte em todo o mundo. Portanto, os esportes juvenis são muito importantes para a saúde física. Objetivo: Desvendar sistematicamente os fatores que influenciam o exercício físico de adolescentes e melhorar a eficácia das intervenções sobre os comportamentos de exercício físico de adolescentes, este artigo se baseia na teoria da ecologia social para estudar o modelo estrutural dos fatores do exercício físico de adolescentes. Métodos: a tese considera os fatores que afetam o exercício físico do adolescente como objeto de pesquisa e usa o método da literatura, questionário, estatística matemática, etc., para construir um modelo estrutural de fatores que afetam o exercício físico do jovem, incluindo quatro indicadores primários e 19 indicadores secundários. Resultados: O exercício físico dos adolescentes é afetado por fatores escolares, familiares, sociais e pessoais. Dentre eles, os fatores familiares são os de maior impacto sobre a prática de exercícios físicos dos jovens. Fatores pessoais estão em segundo lugar, fatores escolares e fatores sociais vêm em terceiro. Entre os fatores familiares, as principais influências sobre a prática de exercícios físicos dos jovens são "apoio dos pais", "conhecimento dos pais sobre a prática de exercícios físicos" e "hábitos de exercício dos pais". Conclusões: Os fatores que influenciam a prática de exercícios físicos no adolescente envolvem quatro aspectos: família, sociedade, escola e eu. Os fatores familiares têm maior impacto sobre o exercício físico dos adolescentes, e os pessoais em segundo lugar, os escolares e os sociais em terceiro. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos- investigação dos resultados do tratamento.


RESUMEN Introducción: el ejercicio físico tiene un efecto positivo en la salud de las personas. El comportamiento sedentario a largo plazo puede inducir enfermedades coronarias, hipertensión, diabetes y otras enfermedades crónicas. La falta de ejercicio físico se ha convertido en la cuarta causa de muerte en todo el mundo. Por tanto, los deportes juveniles son muy importantes para la salud física. Objetivo: Revelar sistemáticamente los factores que influyen en el ejercicio físico de los adolescentes y mejorar la efectividad de las intervenciones sobre las conductas de ejercicio físico de los adolescentes, este artículo se basa en la teoría de la ecología social para estudiar el modelo estructural de los factores de ejercicio físico de los adolescentes. Métodos: La tesis considera factores que afectan el ejercicio físico adolescente como objeto de investigación y utiliza el método de la literatura, cuestionario, estadística matemática, etc., para construir un modelo estructural de factores que afectan el ejercicio físico juvenil, incluyendo cuatro indicadores primarios y 19 indicadores secundarios. Resultados: El ejercicio físico de los adolescentes se ve afectado por factores escolares, familiares, sociales y personales. Entre ellos, los factores familiares tienen el mayor impacto en el ejercicio físico de los jóvenes. Los factores personales ocupan el segundo lugar, los factores escolares y los factores sociales ocupan el tercer lugar. Entre los factores familiares, las principales influencias sobre el ejercicio físico de los jóvenes son el "apoyo de los padres", el "conocimiento de los padres sobre el ejercicio físico" y los "hábitos de ejercicio de los padres". Conclusiones: Los factores que influyen en el ejercicio físico adolescente involucran cuatro aspectos: familia, sociedad, escuela y yo. Los factores familiares tienen el mayor impacto en el ejercicio físico de los adolescentes, y los factores personales son el segundo, los factores escolares y los factores sociales el tercero. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos- investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Social Environment , Exercise/physiology , Adolescent Behavior/physiology , Students , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results , Family Relations , Healthy Lifestyle/physiology , Social Factors
14.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 27(4): 386-389, Aug. 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1288593

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: The generation of individual behavior is closely related to the environment in which it is located and is easily affected by environmental factors. Objective: The thesis takes the social ecology model theory as the starting point, applies the five different levels of influencing factors in the theoretical model to the field of youth physical exercise behavior, and seeks the interrelationship between the various influencing factors. Methods: Using questionnaire surveys, interviews, and other research methods, the paper makes a simple theoretical combing and analysis of the healthy behavior ecology model, seeks the interrelationship between the influencing factors, propose complementary intervention strategies, and promote the development of adolescents' physical exercise habits through effective ways. Results: The motivation of sports participation, the protection of physical health, family health awareness, economic and educational environment, professional quality of physical education teachers and school exercise environment and community facilities affect the direction of the development of adolescents' physical exercise behavior. Conclusions: Only by comprehensively considering the relationship between various related factors can we better understand adolescent physical exercise development characteristics, propose complementary intervention strategies, and promote physical exercise habits effectively. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.


RESUMO Antecedentes: A geração do comportamento individual está intimamente relacionada ao ambiente em que está inserida e é facilmente afetada por fatores ambientais. Objetivo: A tese toma como ponto de partida a teoria do modelo da ecologia social, aplica os cinco diferentes níveis de fatores influenciadores do modelo teórico ao campo do comportamento de exercício físico juvenil e busca a inter-relação entre os vários fatores influenciadores. Métodos: Utilizando questionários, entrevistas e outros métodos de pesquisa, o artigo faz uma análise teórica simples do modelo de ecologia do comportamento saudável, busca a inter-relação entre os fatores que influenciam, propõe estratégias de intervenção complementares e promove o desenvolvimento físico dos adolescentes. hábitos de exercício através de formas eficazes. Resultados: A motivação para a prática de esportes, a proteção da saúde física, a conscientização sobre a saúde da família, o ambiente econômico e educacional, a qualidade profissional dos professores de educação física e o ambiente de exercício escolar e as instalações comunitárias afetam a direção do desenvolvimento do comportamento de exercício físico dos adolescentes. Conclusões: Somente considerando de forma abrangente a relação entre vários fatores relacionados podemos entender melhor as características do desenvolvimento de exercícios físicos em adolescentes, propor estratégias de intervenção complementar e promover hábitos de exercícios físicos de forma eficaz. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos: investigação dos resultados do tratamento.


RESUMEN Antecedentes: La generación del comportamiento individual está íntimamente relacionada con el entorno en el que se ubica y es fácilmente afectado por factores ambientales. Objetivo: La tesis toma como punto de partida la teoría del modelo de ecología social, aplica los cinco niveles diferentes de factores de influencia en el modelo teórico al campo de la conducta de ejercicio físico juvenil y busca la interrelación entre los diversos factores de influencia. Métodos: Mediante cuestionarios, entrevistas y otros métodos de investigación, el trabajo realiza un simple peinado y análisis teórico del modelo de ecología del comportamiento saludable, busca la interrelación entre los factores influyentes, propone estrategias de intervención complementarias y promueve el desarrollo de la física de los adolescentes. Hábitos de ejercicio de forma eficaz. Resultados: La motivación de la participación deportiva, la protección de la salud física, la conciencia de la salud familiar, el entorno económico y educativo, la calidad profesional de los profesores de educación física y el entorno de ejercicio escolar y las instalaciones comunitarias afectan la dirección del desarrollo de la conducta de ejercicio físico de los adolescentes. Conclusiones: Solo considerando de manera integral la relación entre varios factores relacionados podemos comprender mejor las características del desarrollo del ejercicio físico en los adolescentes, proponer estrategias de intervención complementarias y promover los hábitos de ejercicio físico de manera efectiva. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos: investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Exercise/physiology , Adolescent Behavior/physiology , Healthy Lifestyle/physiology , Social Environment , Students , Attitude to Health , Surveys and Questionnaires , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Models, Theoretical
15.
Saúde Soc ; 30(1): e181188, 2021. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1290063

ABSTRACT

Resumo Como as condições de saneamento no Brasil são precárias nas áreas rurais, é importante construir ações territorializadas que valorizem a cultura e fortaleçam o bem viver, baseadas na economia solidária para alcançar soluções sustentáveis​. Dardot e Laval veem o comum como um contraponto ao atual contexto político e econômico, em que os indivíduos assumem o papel de protagonistas em suas vidas e gerenciam os "comuns" para a comunidade da qual fazem parte. Partindo dessa abordagem, a Fundação Osvaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), por meio do Observatório dos Territórios Saudáveis e Sustentáveis de Bocaina (OTSS), constituiu pesquisa-ação de saneamento ecológico na Comunidade Caiçara da Praia do Sono, em Paraty, com envolvimento da comunidade durante todo o processo e, por meio de avaliação qualitativa, pôde-se entender a relação da comunidade com o comum. Como os construtores locais foram contratados como mobilizadores sociais, os recursos endógenos foram valorizados. Por meio dessa articulação, buscou-se a atuação conjunta junto aos órgãos públicos para fomentar ações que partissem da própria comunidade e políticas públicas inclusivas que colocam a sociedade como protagonista do processo. A partir do conceito de comum e de entrevistas semiestruturadas, esta pesquisa psicossocial tem como objetivo relatar o desdobramento da economia solidária no comum.


Abstract As sanitation conditions in Brazil are precarious in rural areas, it is important to build territorial actions that value culture and strengthen good living based on solidarity economy to achieve sustainable solutions. Dardot and Laval see the "common" as a counterpoint to the current political and economic context, in which individuals assume the role of protagonists in their lives and manage the "commonalities" for their community. In this approach, the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), through the Observatory of Sustainable and Healthy Territories of Bocaina (OTSS), constituted an ecological sanitation research in the Caiçara Community of Praia do Sono, in Paraty, with the participation of the community during the whole process and, through a qualitative evaluation, the relationship between the community and the common could be understood. Local builders were hired as social mobilizers, thus valuing endogenous resources. Through this articulation, joint action with public agencies was sought to foster actions that came from the community itself and inclusive public policies that put a society at the center of the process. Supported by the concept of common and by semi-structured interviews, this psychosocial study examines the unfolding of the solidarity economy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Politics , Public Policy , Social Environment , Rural Sanitation , Economics , Sustainable Development
16.
Rev. CEFAC ; 23(5): e6421, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1347016

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: to analyze the associations between speech-language-hearing diagnostic hypotheses in children and adolescents and the Environmental Factors in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. Methods: an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study carried out between 2016 and 2019 in an outpatient center with 5- to 16-year-old children and adolescents undergoing speech-language-hearing assessment and their parents/guardians. The Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria was used, and sociodemographic data were collected, along with speech-language-hearing diagnostic hypotheses and information on the presence of categories of the Environmental Factors, qualified as either barriers or facilitators. Descriptive and association analyses were made, using Pearson's chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests, with the significance level set at 0.05. Results: most participants had changes in oral language acquisition/development, written language, and oral-motor function. The most prevalent facilitators were in the categories of Services, Systems, and Policies; Support and Relationships; and Products and Technology, whereas the barriers were in the categories of Attitudes; Products and Technology; and Services, Systems, and Policies. The diagnostic hypotheses of "Change in cognitive aspects of language", "Change in speech", and "Change in voice" had a significant association with the codes present in chapters 3 - Support and Relationships, and 4 - Attitudes. Conclusion: this association shows that patients with communication changes need a comprehensive approach encompassing the Contextual Factors.


RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as associações entre hipóteses diagnósticas fonoaudiológicas de crianças e adolescentes e Fatores Ambientais da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF). Métodos: estudo observacional analítico transversal realizado entre 2016 e 2019 em serviço ambulatorial com crianças e adolescentes de cinco a 16 anos em processo de avaliação fonoaudiológica, e com seus responsáveis. Foi aplicado o Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil (CCEB) e coletados dados sociodemográficos, hipóteses diagnósticas fonoaudiológicas e informações referentes à presença das categorias do componente Fatores Ambientais, qualificadas como barreiras ou facilitadores. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e de associação, utilizando os testes Qui-quadrado de Pearson e Exato de Fisher, adotando nível de significância de 0,05. Resultados: a maioria dos participantes apresentava alterações de aquisição/desenvolvimento de linguagem oral e escrita e de motricidade orofacial. Como facilitadores mais prevalentes estavam categorias dos Serviços, sistemas e políticas, Apoio e relacionamentos e Produtos e tecnologias e como barreiras categorias de Atitudes, Produtos e tecnologias e Serviços, sistemas e políticas. Houve associação significante das hipóteses diagnósticas fonoaudiológicas "Alteração dos aspectos cognitivos da linguagem", "Alteração de fala" e "Alteração de voz" com os códigos presentes nos Capítulos 3 - Apoio e relacionamentos e 4 - Atitudes. Conclusão: a associação encontrada demonstra a necessidade de uma abordagem integral aos pacientes com alterações comunicativas que inclua os Fatores Contextuais.

17.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 24(supl.1): e210012, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1288504

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: Objective: To analyze the spatial distribution of the prevalence of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) in a Brazilian urban area and its association with the characteristics of the physical and social environments. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted with data from the Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases from the years 2008-2010, in Belo Horizonte, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The outcome was the practice of LTPA and the independent variables were residential and population density, the density of places for physical activity, homicide rates, average family income, and health vulnerability index. The spatial scanning technique was employed to identify clusters with a high prevalence of PA at leisure time. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare variables inside and outside the cluster. Results: The sample included 5,779 participants, 33.3% (SE = 0.73) of whom reported sufficient PA during leisure time. We identified a significant cluster of a high prevalence of LTPA. After adjustments, the cluster presented a radius of 3,041.99 meters and 603 individuals, and 293 (48.6%) of them reported sufficient LTPA. The probability of performing sufficient LTPA in the cluster was 27% higher (PR = 1.27; p = 0.002) than in the coverage areas of primary healthcare units outside the cluster. There was a higher density of places for LTPA practice, higher population and residential density, and higher family income in the cluster. Conclusion: The results evidenced a cluster of high prevalence of LTPA in a privileged physical and socioeconomic environment in Belo Horizonte, even after adjustments, demonstrating that reducing inequalities can increase LTPA.


RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar a distribuição espacial da prevalência da prática de atividade física (AF) no lazer suficiente em uma área urbana brasileira, no período de 2008 a 2010, e verificar se ela é influenciada por características dos ambientes físico e social. Métodos: Estudo transversal com dados do sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, realizado em Belo Horizonte (MG), entre os anos 2008 e 2010. O desfecho foi a realização de AF no lazer e as exposições foram densidade residencial e populacional, densidade de locais de prática de AF no lazer, taxa de homicídio, renda familiar média e índice de vulnerabilidade da saúde. Foi empregada a técnica de varredura espacial para identificar clusters de alta prevalência de AF no lazer. Utilizou-se o teste de Mann-Whitney para comparar variáveis ambientais dentro e fora do cluster. Resultados: A amostra foi constituída de 5.779 participantes, dos quais 33,3% referiram praticar AF no lazer suficientemente. Identificou-se um cluster significativo de alta prevalência de prática de AF no lazer. Após ajustes, ele apresentou raio de 3.041,99 m e 603 indivíduos, dos quais 293 (48,6%) realizavam AF no lazer suficiente. A probabilidade de um indivíduo praticar AF no lazer suficiente no cluster foi 27% maior (razão de prevalência — RP = 1,27; p = 0,002) do que nas áreas de abrangência das unidades básicas de saúde não pertencentes a ele. Esse cluster teve maior densidade de locais para a prática de AF no lazer, maior densidade populacional e residencial e maior renda familiar. Conclusão: Constatou-se cluster de alta prevalência de AF no lazer em um contexto físico e econômico privilegiado de Belo Horizonte, o que demonstra que diminuir desigualdades pode aumentar a prática de AF no lazer.


Subject(s)
Humans , Exercise , Leisure Activities , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Spatial Analysis
18.
Saúde Soc ; 30(1): e181188, 2021. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1252191

ABSTRACT

Resumo Como as condições de saneamento no Brasil são precárias nas áreas rurais, é importante construir ações territorializadas que valorizem a cultura e fortaleçam o bem viver, baseadas na economia solidária para alcançar soluções sustentáveis​. Dardot e Laval veem o comum como um contraponto ao atual contexto político e econômico, em que os indivíduos assumem o papel de protagonistas em suas vidas e gerenciam os "comuns" para a comunidade da qual fazem parte. Partindo dessa abordagem, a Fundação Osvaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), por meio do Observatório dos Territórios Saudáveis e Sustentáveis de Bocaina (OTSS), constituiu pesquisa-ação de saneamento ecológico na Comunidade Caiçara da Praia do Sono, em Paraty, com envolvimento da comunidade durante todo o processo e, por meio de avaliação qualitativa, pôde-se entender a relação da comunidade com o comum. Como os construtores locais foram contratados como mobilizadores sociais, os recursos endógenos foram valorizados. Por meio dessa articulação, buscou-se a atuação conjunta junto aos órgãos públicos para fomentar ações que partissem da própria comunidade e políticas públicas inclusivas que colocam a sociedade como protagonista do processo. A partir do conceito de comum e de entrevistas semiestruturadas, esta pesquisa psicossocial tem como objetivo relatar o desdobramento da economia solidária no comum.


Abstract As sanitation conditions in Brazil are precarious in rural areas, it is important to build territorial actions that value culture and strengthen good living based on solidarity economy to achieve sustainable solutions. Dardot and Laval see the "common" as a counterpoint to the current political and economic context, in which individuals assume the role of protagonists in their lives and manage the "commonalities" for their community. In this approach, the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), through the Observatory of Sustainable and Healthy Territories of Bocaina (OTSS), constituted an ecological sanitation research in the Caiçara Community of Praia do Sono, in Paraty, with the participation of the community during the whole process and, through a qualitative evaluation, the relationship between the community and the common could be understood. Local builders were hired as social mobilizers, thus valuing endogenous resources. Through this articulation, joint action with public agencies was sought to foster actions that came from the community itself and inclusive public policies that put a society at the center of the process. Supported by the concept of common and by semi-structured interviews, this psychosocial study examines the unfolding of the solidarity economy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Public Policy , Rural Population , Social Environment , Rural Sanitation , Qualitative Research , Sustainable Development
19.
Chinese Journal of School Health ; (12): 1620-1623, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-905799

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To evaluate the impact of community built environment and the distribution of fast food restaurants on childhood obesity, and to provide evidence support for childhood obesity prevention and control strategies in China.@*Methods@#A systematic review method was used to search relevant literatures published to November 30,2020 from 8 databases including CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data, PubMed, SpringerLink, Web of Science, Science Direct. The high quality system reviews published since 2016 were included directly, and those published before 2016 were reviewed before combined with other literatures.@*Results@#A total of 20 articles were included for evaluation, including systematic reviews, cohort studies, randomized controlled trials and cross sectional studies. High walkability near the living area could increase children s physical activity levels and reduce the risk of obesity. The fast food sales environment increased the risk of obesity; while large supermarkets or health food sales environment could reduce the risk of obesity.@*Conclusion@#Improving walking suitability in residential areas and reducing the density of unhealthy fast food sales could help decrease the risk of childhood obesity.

20.
Chinese Journal of School Health ; (12): 1426-1430, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-904565

ABSTRACT

Abstract@#Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood psycho behavioral disorder, the exact cause of which is currently unclear. It is generally believed that its incidence is a combination of biological, environmental, and psychological factors. In China at present, the common intervention measures for this disorder are mainly drug treatments, and non medication treatment including EEG Biofeedback environmental Modifications and Self regulation, is relatively inadequate. Non medication treatment is generally targeted at the social function defects associated with this disease; its efficacy is longer lasting and it is safer. This article analyzes the principles, methods, efficacy, shortcomings, and prospects of the non medication treatment of ADHD.

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